Farming upwards

A vertical farm is not strictly defined, but it typically consists of shallow trays stacked within a building and illuminated by LED lighting at each level.

The majority of vertical farms lack windows and are even constructed underground.These farms must provide everything, including sunlight, water, nutrients, pollinators, and possibly pest control.

Others might be constructed in enormous greenhouses, making the most of the heat and light from the Sun while maintaining control over other inputs like water.