Relation to science and engineering

Technology development takes place through the process of engineering.The Polish philosopher Henryk Skolimowski put it this way: “Technological development is “action-oriented,” while scientific knowledge is fundamentally explanatory.”[100] It frequently requires problem-solving under strict constraints.[101]Technology is focused on the future, whereas science is concerned with the present.”[102]: 375

The course of causality between logical disclosure and mechanical development has been bantered by researchers, savants and policymakers.[103] In light of the fact that advancement is frequently embraced at the edge of logical information, most innovations are not gotten from logical information, yet rather from designing, fiddling and chance.[104]:217–240 For instance, in the 1940s and 1950s, when little was known about turbulent combustion or fluid dynamics, jet engines were created by “running the device to destruction, analyzing what broke […] and repeating the process.

“[100] Scientific explanations frequently precede rather than follow technological advancements.[104]The assumption that government funding of basic research would lead to the discovery of marketable technologies has lost credibility since the 1960s.[106][107] Probabilist Nassim Taleb argues that national research programs that implement the concepts of serendipity and convexity through frequent trial and error are more likely to lead to useful innovations than research that aims to reach specific outcomes.[104][108]